ABSTRACT
Introdução: as crianças com condições crônicas têm aumentado nas últimas décadas, porém, o atendimento das necessidades e a inclusão social dessas crianças são prejudicados pelas dificuldades que as famílias vivenciam para realizar os cuidados no domicílio e ter acesso aos serviços de saúde, assistência social e educação. Objetivo Geral: Analisar os direitos sociais garantidos às crianças com condições crônicas. Objetivos Específicos: Verificar as políticas públicas brasileiras relacionadas aos direitos sociais das crianças com condições crônicas; e analisar o acesso da criança com condição crônica aos serviços prestados pelas instituições educacionais, de saúde e de assistência social. Método: Foram desenvolvidos pesquisa documental das legislações brasileiras que configuravam políticas sociais e estudo de casos múltiplos etnográfico, com abordagem qualitativa. Como referencial teórico-metodológico, foram adotados a abordagem de cidadania e direitos sociais e os princípios da sociologia das ausências e das emergências de Boaventura Santos. A partir da indicação de crianças com condições crônicas em serviços da regional Norte do município de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, foram estudadas as experiências de 3 crianças com condições crônicas e de suas famílias, por meio de entrevistas com familiares, gestores e profissionais das instituições de saúde, assistência social e educação, além de observação participante nos espaços sociais. Os critérios para a indicação foram a criança ter condição crônica (segundo Stein e colaboradores) e a experiência da família em relação à garantia dos direitos sociais. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizada Análise de Discurso Crítica, conforme proposta por Fairclough, e o desenvolvimento de ecomapas. Foram atendidas as diretrizes e normas regulamentadoras de pesquisas envolvendo seres humanos. Resultados:...
Introduction: children with chronic conditions have risen in the last decades, however, meeting the needs and social inclusion of these children are hampered by the difficulties that families experience in home care and access to health, social care and educational services. General objective: to analyze the social rights guaranteed to children with chronic conditions. Specific Objectives: to verify Brazilian public policies related to social rights of children with chronic conditions; and analyze access of children with chronic conditions to services provided by educational, health and social care institutions. Method: was carried out documentary research of Brazilian legislations that constituted social policies and multiple ethnographic case study with a qualitative approach. As a theoretical and methodological framework, we adopted the approach on citizenship and social rights and the principles of the sociology of absences and emergencies developed by Boaventura Santos. From the indication of children with chronic conditions in services of the northern region of Belo Horizonte city, state of Minas Gerais, the experiences of 3 children with chronic conditions, and their families were studied through interviews with family members, managers and professionals from health, social assistance and education institutions, also participant observation of children and their families in social spaces. The criteria for the indication were a child with a chronic condition (according to Stein and coworkers) and the family experience regarding the guarantee of social rights. For the data analysis was used the Critical Discourse Analysis proposed by Fairclough and the development of ecomaps. Guidelines and standards regulating research involving human beings were addressed. Results...
Subject(s)
Humans , Child Advocacy/legislation & jurisprudence , Chronic Disease , Disabled Children/legislation & jurisprudence , Family , Health Services Accessibility , Mainstreaming, Education , Pediatric Nursing/education , Pediatric Nursing/trends , Health Policy , Social Welfare , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
Este estudio de revisión tiene como objetivo promover la diseminación de la legislación vigente en nuestro país que protege los derechos de los pacientes con enfermedades que pueden producir discapacidad. Se analizan los artículos de las leyes que resguardan los derechos de estas familias para que sean más accesibles a los profesionales de la salud que las asisten. Argentina posee una amplia legislación dedicada a protegerlos, pero no es claramente reconocida por el ciudadano en general. La propuesta es difundir esta información en el ambiente médico para que los profesionales de la salud puedan ayudar al paciente a reconocer sus derechos a través del empoderamiento.
The objective of this review study is to promote the dissemination of the legislation in force in Argentina for the protection of the rights of persons with conditions that might cause disability. Articles of bills and laws that protect the rights of these families are reviewed, so that health care providers assisting them have better access to them. Argentina has a wide range of laws and regulations dedicated to protecting them, but they are generally not clearly recognized by citizens. The aim is to disseminate this information in the medical setting so that health care providers can help patients recognize their rights through empowerment.
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Disabled Children/legislation & jurisprudence , Human Rights/legislation & jurisprudence , ArgentinaABSTRACT
En el presente artículo se realiza una revisión acerca de la Primera Infancia en situación de discapacidad en Chile, se abordarán los programas de gobierno que existen, su actual enfoque y se analizará si las soluciones que ofrecen son pertinentes y eficientes para este importante grupo de niños y niñas. El trabajo toma como marco de referencia la Convención sobre los Derechos del Niño y la Convención sobre los Derechos de las Personas en Situación de Discapacidad, con el fin de evaluar el estado de los derechos de estos niños y si los programas de gobierno garantizan lo convenido en ambas convenciones.
In this article we review the current Chilean government programs about early childhood with disability. The current focus of these programs will be addressed in order to analyze whether the solutions they provide are relevant and efficient for this significant group of children. This article takes as a reference the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with disability, to assess the state of the rights of these children and whether government programs guarantee what is enshrined in both conventions.
Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Disabled Children/legislation & jurisprudence , Disabled Children/rehabilitation , Disabled Children/statistics & numerical data , National Health Programs , Child Advocacy , Chile , Child Protective Services , Government Programs , Health PolicyABSTRACT
El Derecho y la Bioética reconocen la necesidad de dar una especial protección a las personas más desvalidas, entre las cuales naturalmente se encuentran los niños y los menores de edad. Sin embargo, de entre ellos, los que adolecen de discapacidad intelectual son doblemente vulnerables: por edad y porque no presentan competencias equiparables a las de sus pares. Si bien el ordenamiento jurídico chileno contempla garantías y normas aplicables a la salvaguarda de estas personas, es necesario reconocer las dificultades prácticas que aún les significan ser discriminados o recibir un trato inadecuado, avanzando hacia soluciones reales de inclusión, como una manifestación del deber solidario de la comunidad y del Estado de Derecho material y respetuoso de la persona humana.
The Law and Bioethics recognize the need to give special protection to those most vulnerable, among which of course are children and minors. However, among them, those who suffer from mental disabilities are doubly vulnerable: by age and because they do not have powers comparable to those of their pairs. While the Chilean legal system provides guarantees and rules applicable to the safeguarding of these people, it is necessary to recognise the practical difficulties to be discriminated or received an inappropriate treatment, moving toward real solutions for inclusion as a manifestation of the duty of solidarity community and the rule of substantive law and respectful of the human person.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Child , Bioethics , Child Advocacy , Jurisprudence , Disabled Children/legislation & jurisprudence , Persons with Mental Disabilities/legislation & jurisprudence , Risk GroupsABSTRACT
Laws that regulate the identification of a foetus and the termination of a pregnancy in India are shaped by their social context. The Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971, discriminates against unmarried women by not recognising that unwanted pregnancies in unmarried women could result in at least as much anguish and suffering as that experienced by married women. While the MTP Act permits the abortion of foetuses with disabilities, the Pre-conception and Pre-natal Diagnostic Techniques (Prohibition of Sex Selection) Act's ban on identifying the foetus's sex prevents the use of sex-detection to identify foetuses at high risk of sex-linked diseases.